Bali is home to numerous unique traditions passed down through generations, one of which is Mabuug-buugan.
This sacred tradition is practiced by the people of Desa Adat Kedonganan, Badung Regency, a day after the Nyepi celebration, precisely on Ngembak Geni.
Mabuug-buugan is the only mud bathing tradition in Bali and has been recognized as a National Intangible Cultural Heritage (WBTB) by Indonesia’s Ministry of Education and Culture since 2019.
Etymologically, the term Mabuug-buugan is derived from the Balinese word “buug,” meaning mud.
This ritual symbolizes self-purification, both physically and spiritually, after observing Catur Bratha Penyepian on Nyepi Day.
In this tradition, mud represents impurities that cling to the body and soul, while seawater used afterward symbolizes purification and sanctification.
Beyond its spiritual significance, Mabuug-buugan also holds an agrarian meaning, serving as an expression of gratitude to Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa for the fertility of the land and the blessings bestowed.
This tradition also illustrates human limitations against the forces of nature and emphasizes the importance of maintaining balance between humans and the environment.
The ceremony begins with prayers at Pura Kahyangan Desa to seek blessings for a smooth and meaningful ritual.
The villagers then proceed to the mangrove forest area, where they cover their bodies with mud, symbolizing the cleansing of all impurities.
After completing the ritual in the mangroves, participants walk to the western coast of Kedonganan to wash themselves in seawater, representing the purification of both body and soul.
Mabuug-buugan is an ancient tradition that predates colonial times. According to oral history passed down by local elders, this tradition was initially performed on Nyepi Day itself.
At that time, people were allowed to engage in certain activities but were prohibited from carrying objects that could arouse suspicion from colonial rulers.
However, due to major historical events such as the eruption of Mount Agung in 1963 and the G30S/PKI turmoil in 1965, the tradition was temporarily halted.
Over time, the community of Desa Adat Kedonganan revived this tradition, designating Umanis Nyepi as the official day for its observance.
This decision was made to uphold the sanctity of Nyepi while continuing a ritual rich in spiritual and social values.
Mabuug-buugan is not merely a folk game but a sacred ritual that reflects harmony between humans and nature.
This tradition serves as a moment of self-reflection after Nyepi and strengthens communal bonds.
With its recognition as an Intangible Cultural Heritage, it is hoped that Mabuug-buugan will continue to be preserved and widely known as one of Bali’s most meaningful cultural legacies. (BT)
